ABSTRACT

This research work is analysis of slum housing value improvement in Okpoko Onitsha in Anambra State, and SouthEast of Nigeria and was embarked upon with a view to find out the condition of the study area and how to upgrade the area in order to improve the housing value. A review of related literatures was done under ten subtopics which include: various perspectives of a slum, what constitutes a slum, culture of a slum, types of a slum, attributes of a slum, functions of a slum, characteristics of a slum area, various definition of slum housing, slum housing value improvement in Okpoko and strategies for slum renewal in Okpoko area. The design of the study was a survey research and was guided by four research questions.

The population of the study comprises of thirtynine 39 estate surveyors and valuers in Onitsha, Anambra State and total number of three hundred thousand 300,000 residents of Okpoko, of which two hundred 200 were sampled and selected. Using Yaro Yamens formular, the sample size for the residents of Okpoko was determined. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain relevant data from two hundred 200 residents of Okpoko and thirtynine estate surveyors and valuers. One hundred and fifty 150 questionnaires out of two hundred 200 given to the residents of Okpoko, were filled correctly and returned while thirtynine 39 questionnaires were given to estate surveyors and valuers, of which thirtyone were filled correctly and returned. The method of data analysis used by the researcher was mean, standard deviation, bar chart and frequency table. From the work overcrowding, inadequate drainage facilities, dilapidated and deteriorated buildings, improper ventilation and poor structural quality.

Useful suggestions were later proffered by the researcher after critical analysis on how the value of housing in Okpoko can be improved.

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Slum is clearly defined by Abrams, 1994 as a group of buildings or an area

characterized by overcrowding, deterioration, unsanitary conditions or

absence of basic and essential facilities like portable water, drainage system,

school, health facilities, recreational ground, and post office. Basorun 2003

opines that slum is usually associated with negative characteristics such as

crime,vice and drug abuse and investigators have been reluctant to shrug off

the culture of poverty mantle in spite of the change in appreciation of

squatter value.

Howard 1999 a Victoria worker looked at the term slum as a loose

concept of the environs and behaviour of the poor. He looked at slum as

being a direct consequence of poverty of urban residents. In his view, slum

became inextricably linked to the descriptions of industrializing cities as

disfavour social orders with this social problems of industrialization and

urbanization which in his words, occurred almost simultaneously in several

western countries at a time where there is substantial variations in the

levels of urbanization and socio geographical patterns.

In the words of Clinard 1996 slum has been used to identify the poorest

quality housing and the most unsanitary conditions; a refuge for marginal

activities including crime, vice and drug abuse; a likely source for many

epidemics that ravaged urban areas; a place apart from all that was decent

and wholesome. Today, the Catchall term slum is loose and deprecatory. It

has many connotations and meanings and is seldom used by the more

sensitive, politically correct, and academically rigorous. But in developing

countries, the word lacks the pejorative and divisive original connotation,

and simply refers to lower quality or informal housing. ...Get Complete Material.